'Bharat ek khoj' was based on Jawahar Lal Nehru's masterpiece 'The Discovery of India'. As someone had once said that if Jawahar Lal wasn't a politician he would have won a noble prize for literature. The book covers India's history from the early migration of Aryans to around 1939. Its beauty is not only in the vastness of its subject, its ethos and its love for Indian culture but also in its fluid poetic prose.
The serial was directed by 'Shyam Benegal'. Roshan Seth played the compare or the host in the form of Nehru. Probably all the great artist of that time played part in it. Ashok Kumar, Om Puri, Naseeruddin Shah, Tom Alter, Nina Gupta, Anjan Shrivastav etc. Salim Ghouse was not at all like the modern portrayal of 'Ram' and 'Krishna'. But his immense voice and outstanding dialouge delivery made him a hit. You can even find the new sensation 'Irfan Khan' in a few episodes.
But this blog is actually about its title and the ending songs. Hymn at the start of the serial is 121st sukta of 10th mandala of 'Rig Veda' and the ending hymn was based on 'Naasadiyya Sukta' which is the 129th sukta in 10th mandala of 'Rig Veda'.
'Rig veda' were probably written anywhere between 1700 B.C. to 1100 B.C., these are the first and probably the oldest surviving religious texts. To imagine such magnificent poetry was written so long ago is in itself mind boggling. Its philosophy is way ahead of its times.
Many western and Indian historians have written books just on this one Sukta.
Rigveda 10,121: “What God shall we adore with our oblation?”
Sanskrit text:
1. हिरण्यगर्भः समवर्तताग्रे भूतस्य जातः पतिरेकासीत ।
स दाधार पर्थिवीं दयामुतेमां कस्मै देवायहविषा विधेम ॥
2. य आत्मदा बलदा यस्य विश्व उपासते परशिषं यस्यदेवाः ।
यस्य छायाम्र्तं यस्य मर्त्युः कस्मै देवायहविषा विधेम ॥
3. यः पराणतो निमिषतो महित्वैक इद राजा जगतो बभूव ।
य ईशे अस्य दविपदश्चतुष्पदः कस्मै देवाय हविषाविधेम ॥
4. यस्येमे हिमवन्तो महित्वा यस्य समुद्रं रसया सहाहुः ।
यस्येमाः परदिशो यस्य बाहू कस्मै देवाय हविषाविधेम ॥
5. येन दयौरुग्रा पर्थिवी च दर्ळ्हा येन सव सतभितं येननाकः ।
यो अन्तरिक्षे रजसो विमानः कस्मै देवायहविषा विधेम ॥
6. यं करन्दसी अवसा तस्तभाने अभ्यैक्षेतां मनसारेजमाने ।
यत्राधि सूर उदितो विभाति कस्मै देवायहविषा विधेम ॥
7. आपो ह यद बर्हतीर्विश्वमायन गर्भं दधानाजनयन्तीरग्निम ।
ततो देवानां समवर्ततासुरेकःकस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
8. यश्चिदापो महिना पर्यपश्यद दक्षं दधानाजनयन्तीर्यज्ञम ।
यो देवेष्वधि देव एक आसीत कस्मैदेवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
9. मा नो हिंसीज्जनिता यः पर्थिव्या यो वा दिवंसत्यधर्मा जजान ।
यश्चापश्चन्द्रा बर्हतीर्जजानकस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥
10. परजापते न तवदेतान्यन्यो विश्वा जातानि परि ताबभूव ।
यत्कामास्ते जुहुमस्तन नो अस्तु वयं सयाम पतयोरयीणाम ॥
Hiranyagarbhah samavartatâgre bhûtasya jâtâh patir eka âsît !
sa dâdhâra prthivîm dyâm utemâm kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
ya âtmadâ baladâ yasya vishva upâsate prashisham yasya devâh !
yasya châyamrtam yasya mrtyuh kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
yah prânato nimishato mahitvâ- eka id râjâ jagato babhûva !
ya îshe asya dvipadash catushpadah kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
yasyeme himavanto mahitvâ yasya samudram rasayâ sahâhuh !
yasyemâh pradisho yasya bâhû kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
yena dyaur ugrâ prthivî ca drlhâ yena sva stabhitam yena nâkah
yo antarikshe rajaso vimânah kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema
yam krandasî avasâ tastabhane abhy aikshetâm manasâ rejamâne !
yatrâdhi sûra udito vibhâti kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
âpo ha yad brhatîr vishvam âyan garbham dadhânâ janayantîr âgnim !
tato devânâm sam avartatâsur ekah kasmai devâya havisha vidhema !!
yash cid âpo mahinâ paryapashyad daksham dadhânâ janayantîr yajñam !
yo deveshv adhi deva eka âsit kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
mâ no himsîj janitâ yah prthivyâ yo vâ divam satyadharmâ jajâna !
yash câpash candrâ brhatîr jajâna kasmai devâya havishâ vidhema !!
prajâpate na tvad etâny anyo vishvâ jâtâni pari tâ babhûva !
yatkâmâs te juhumas tan no astu vayam syâma patayo rayînâm !!
English Translation:
IN the beginning rose Hiranyagarbha, born Only Lord of all created beings. !
He fixed and holdeth up this earth and heaven. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
Giver of vital breath, of power and vigour, he whose commandments all the Gods acknowledge. !
The Lord of death, whose shade is life immortal. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
Who by his grandeur hath become Sole Ruler of all the moving world that breathes and slumbers; !
He who is Loord of men and Lord of cattle. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
His, through his might, are these snow-covered mountains, and men call sea and Rasa his possession: !
His arms are these, his are these heavenly regions. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
By him the heavens are strong and earth is stedfast, by him light's realm and sky-vault are supported: !
By him the regions in mid-air were measured. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
To him, supported by his help, two armies embattled look while trembling in their spirit, !
When over them the risen Sun is shining. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
What time the mighty waters came, containing the universal germ, producing Agni, !
Thence sprang the Gods' one spirit into being. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
He in his might surveyed the floods containing productive force and generating Worship. !
He is the God of gods, and none beside him. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
Neer may he harm us who is earth's Begetter, nor he whose laws are sure, the heavens' Creator, !
He who brought forth the great and lucid waters. What God shall we adore with our oblation? !!
Prajapati! thou only comprehendest all these created things, and none beside thee. !
Grant us our hearts' desire when we invoke thee: may we have store of riches in possession !!
Rigveda 10,129: Nasadiya Sukta (The hymn of creation)
The ending song is based on one of the most discussed hymn of the Vedas. In the west where religion is supreme and even now people question Darwin's theory, this hymn comes as a surprise.
The concept of questioning the existence of God and its influence in creating the universe was unheard of. With their radical views on God and Religion, W.B. Yeats and Russell both were very impressed by this Hymn.
Even 'Carl Sagan' had said that the only scientific religion was Hinduism because it even questions the existence of the creator.
Sanskrit Text:
1. नासदासीन नो सदासीत तदानीं नासीद रजो नो वयोमापरो यत ।
किमावरीवः कुह कस्य शर्मन्नम्भः किमासीद गहनं गभीरम ॥
2. न मर्त्युरासीदम्र्तं न तर्हि न रात्र्या अह्न आसीत्प्रकेतः ।
आनीदवातं सवधया तदेकं तस्माद्धान्यन न परः किं चनास ॥
3. तम आसीत तमसा गूळमग्रे.अप्रकेतं सलिलं सर्वमािदम ।
तुछ्येनाभ्वपिहितं यदासीत तपसस्तन्महिनाजायतैकम ॥
4. कामस्तदग्रे समवर्तताधि मनसो रेतः परथमं यदासीत ।
सतो बन्धुमसति निरविन्दन हर्दि परतीष्याकवयो मनीषा ॥
5. तिरश्चीनो विततो रश्मिरेषामधः सविदासी.अ.अ.अत ।
रेतोधाासन महिमान आसन सवधा अवस्तात परयतिः परस्तात ॥
6. को अद्धा वेद क इह पर वोचत कुत आजाता कुत इयंविस्र्ष्टिः ।
अर्वाग देवा अस्य विसर्जनेनाथा को वेद यताबभूव ॥
7. इयं विस्र्ष्टिर्यत आबभूव यदि वा दधे यदि वा न ।
यो अस्याध्यक्षः परमे वयोमन सो अङग वेद यदि वा नवेद ॥
nâsadâsînno sadâsît tadânîm nâsîdrajo no vyomâ paro yat !
kim âvarîvah kuha kasya sharmann ambhah kimâsîdgahanam gabhîram !!
na mrtyurâsîdamrtam na tarhi na râtryâ ahna âsît praketah !
ânîdavâtam svadhayâ tadekam tasmâddhânyanna parah kimcan âsa !!
tama âsît tamasâ gûlhamagre 'praketam salilam sarvam â idam !
tucchyenâbhvapihitam yadâsît tapasastanmahinâjâyataikam !!
kâmastadagre samavartatâdhî manaso retah prathamam yadâsît !
sato bandhum asati niravindan hrdi pratîshyâ kavayo manîshâ !!
tirashcino vitato rashmir eshâm adhah svidâsîdupari svidasît !
retodhâ âsan mahimâna âsan svadhâ avastât prayatih parastât !!
ko addhâ veda ka iha pravocat kuta âjâtâ kuta iyam visrhtih !
arvâgdevâ asya visarjanenâ- -thâ ko veda yata âbabhûva !!
iyam visrshtiryata âbabhûva yadi vâ dadhe yadi vâ na !
yo asyâdhyakshah parame vyoman so anga veda yadi vâ na veda !!
Hindi Text:
coming up...........
English Translation:
THEN was not non-existent nor existent: there was no realm of air, no sky beyond it. !
What covered in, and where? and what gave shelter? Was water there, unfathomed depth of water? !!
Death was not then, nor was there aught immortal: no sign was there, the day's and night's divider. !
That One Thing, breathless, breathed by its own nature: apart from it was nothing whatsoever.
Darkness there was: at first concealed in dark new this All was undiscriminated chaos. !
All that existed then was void and form less: by the great power of Warmth was born that Unit. !!
Thereafter rose Desire in the beginning, Desire, the primal seed and germ of Spirit. !
Sages who searched with their heart's thought discovered the existent's kinship in the non-existent. !!
Transversely was their severing line extended: what was above it then, and what below it? !!
There were begetters, there were mighty forces, free action here and energy up yonder !!
Who verily knows and who can here declare it, whence it was born and whence comes this creation? !
The Gods are later than this world's production. Who knows then whence it first came into being? !!
He, the first origin of this creation, whether he formed it all or did not form it, !
Whose eye controls this world in highest heaven, he verily knows it, or perhaps he knows not. !!
It asks the fundamental question of life: Did we create God or did God create us?
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